Women’s struggles for freedom and equality have been a vibrant part of all social movements for transformation and social justice through history. Mary Wollstonecraft wrote in 1792 in her Vindication of the Rights of Women1 that the struggle for rights of women is located within the personal space – the home and the family; and within the public space – the political and economic world. Two hundred years later, women activists defined their experiences of violence, subordination and disadvantage as located within patriarchy. Patriarchy is a social formation that gives privilege to male power and separates the public and the private worlds. It constructs ‘gender’ (the socially constructed meaning assigned to the sexes) as a binary of male and female and assigns particular roles and privileges to these.
It assigns to women roles within the private sphere which are attributed lesser value - creating and perpetuating inequality. Patriarchy also privileges heterosexuality, establishing sexual hierarchies and marginalising sexual and gender identities that do not fall within this power dynamics. A pattern of violence, oppression, silencing and marginalisation are used to enforce this value system.
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The 400-plus alphabetically arranged entries range from broad essays on topics such as Biotechnology, Causation, and Sociobiology to shorter pieces on terms such as Cybernetics, Eco-feminism, and entropy. There are also 20 biographies of important figures in the dialogue between science and religion, from Aristotle to Stephen Jay Gould. The fore matter includes an alphabetical list of all articles as well as a synoptic outline, which enables one to see all of the articles related to, for example, physical sciences or Chinese religions. The historical and contemporary relationships between the realm of science and the major religious groups--Judaism, Islam, Christian traditions, Chinese religions, Buddhism, and Hinduism--are treated individually. Major scientific and academic fields are examined in the context of the encyclopedia's focus. Close to 70 articles on the physical sciences, for example, include entries on all the major arenas of the field: chemistry, particle physics, quantum physics, etc., each providing an overview of early research, contemporary developments and lessons, or applications to religious thought. All of the articles are signed and have bibliographies, some extensive. In addition, a nine-page annotated bibliography serves as a guide for further reading (and collection development) in various topics such as the human sciences and religion. A detailed index makes the wealth of material even more accessible.
The History of Science and Religion in the Western Tradition: An Encyclopedia (Garland, 2000) covers much of the same ground. Both are reference works of very high quality with scholarly contributors, several of them in common. But the approach of the earlier work is to treat fewer topics in broader essays. Some of the treatments are more substantial in the Garland work: medicine is covered in seven pages as opposed to two and a half. The Macmillan work does have a more global scope, including non-Western religions or belief systems. The references and bibliography of the set under review are much more up-to-date.
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Sure, data is nice to have around. It's valuable. It gives you credibility. The more you have of it, the more people gossip about you. But stockpiling data won't get you anywhere – unless, of course, you know how to use it to develop and sustain relationships with voters and constituents.
Relationship management wasn't designed to waste your time. Rather, it was developed to make the business of politics more efficient and more effective. In other words, it has the potential to save you money and make you more friends – if you're a political campaign, advocacy group, nonprofit, or elected official.
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A Companion to Gender History surveys the history of women around the world, studies their interaction with men in gendered societies, and looks at the role of gender in shaping human behavior over thousands of years.
An extensive survey of the history of women around the world, their interaction with men, and the role of gender in shaping human behavior over thousands of years.
Discusses family history, the history of the body and sexuality, and cultural history alongside women’s history and gender history.
Considers the importance of class, region, ethnicity, race and religion to the formation of gendered societies.
Contains both thematic essays and chronological-geographic essays.
Gives due weight to pre-history and the pre-modern era as well as to the modern era.
Written by scholars from across the English-speaking world and scholars for whom English is not their first language.
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This book contains all you ever wanted to know about Meta-programs, the tools by which we can evaluate how people function! First it provides an in-depth explanation of the Meta-programming technique, and then furnishes fifty-one examples of Meta-programs. It thus provides clear insight into our own behaviour as well as that of other people, challenging us to understand how people operate and how to change our behaviour accordingly in order to communicate with them successfully. An essential addition to any NLP library.
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It has become impossible to write a review of a Chomsky piece without focusing a large content of the review on Chomsky himself (witness ... slew of one-star versus five-star reviews of all his books, which often feature personal opinion rather than genuine, responsible argument). Being something of a free-thinker with an interest in politics and psychology, I've understandably been drawn toward the debate surrounding Chomsky and his stunning claims about the nature of Western (usually US) policy -- and have been very disappointed with the childish nature of that debate, as it has declined hopelessly toward name-calling and a ridiculous skewing of facts and quotes. How does a person know who to believe? (I should reiterate that it really has become a case of "who", not "what", as if the merit of an argument has anything to do with its author.)
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Pluto Press | ISBN 074531385X | 2001 | PDF | 2 Mb | 214 pages
This is the first book to cover the entire history of social and cultural anthropology in a single volume. Beginning with a summary of the discipline in the nineteenth century, exploring such major figures as Morgan and Taylor, it goes on to provide a comprehensive overview of the discipline in the twentieth century.
- The bulk of the book is devoted to themes and controversies characteristic of post First World War anthropology, from structural functionalism via structuralism to hermeneutics, cultural ecology and discourse analysis.
- The authors also look at the ambiguous relationship between anthropology and national cultures.
- This is a timely, concise history of a major intellectual discipline, in engaging and thought-provoking narrative that will appeal to students of the discipline world wide.
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Author: Robert Foley
The Origins of Human Behaviour explores the diverse ways in which the evolution of human behavior can be investigated, and confronts the most challenging aspects of this subject. Providing new insights into the growth of human intelligence, Foley contributes to one of the most rapidly expanding areas of research for modern evolutionary biology and anthropology.
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